Disaster Risk Reduction Governance Module Series
Disasters, whether natural or man-made, are inseparable from the systems on earth. In the past decade, there have been many disasters that have resulted in the loss of life and livelihood assets in various parts of the world, including Indonesia. Disaster management in Indonesia has experienced significant dynamics and developments.
The paradigm shift in disaster management is reflected in the birth of Law No. 24 of 2007 concerning Disaster Management. The responsive paradigm (working when a disaster occurs) has changed to a disaster risk reduction paradigm with integrated efforts in all phases. These phases include before a disaster occurs, during a disaster occurs, and after a disaster occurs. The disaster risk management approach is applied where the phase before a disaster occurs has a larger portion for disaster risk reduction efforts.
Development and disasters are inseparable. Disaster risk reduction is an important part of realizing sustainable development. Disasters have occurred one after another in the past 10 years, hitting the Indonesian nation. Starting from the earthquake and tsunami in Aceh in 2004, the earthquake in Yogyakarta and Central Java in 2006, the flood in Wasior in 2010, the earthquake and tsunami in Mentawai in 2010, and the eruption of Merapi in 2010. All of these resulted in property losses, loss of life, infrastructure damage, psychological disorders, and loss of livelihood. All of these impacts of losses bring about changes in attitudes, perspectives, and change policies to ensure better livelihoods and lives.
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