Disaster Risk Reduction Governance Module Series
Indeed, Indonesia is a republic of disaster threats, various threats and disasters occur in this country. This emerald equatorial country turns out to have extraordinary potential for disasters. The country of "milk pools" which are the path of active volcanoes, the ring of fire. This country is also flanked by 3 active earth plates; Australia, Eurasia and the Pacific. Geologically, Indonesia is an archipelago located between the meeting of three large plates, two oceanic plates including the Indian-Australian Plate in the south, and the Pacific Plate in the east and one continental plate, namely the Eurasian Plate in the north, the interaction between these three plates is called plate tectonics where the plates will move away from each other and approach each other from one plate to another.
The meeting of three active plates that occurred resulted in Indonesia having complex geological and geomorphological conditions, both geological structures such as faults, cracks and rock folds, mountains, hills, valleys, and plains, these conditions make Indonesia a country that has the potential for natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, flash floods, floods, tornadoes, etc.
Since 2004, Indonesia has been ranked 7th in the world as a country affected by disasters (UN ISDR, 2010). In the last 5 years, there have been several major disasters recorded in Indonesia, (1) the 2004 Aceh tsunami resulted in more than 25,000 deaths (2) the 2006 Yogyakarta earthquake recorded that more than 5,000 people died, (3) the 2007 Pangandaran tsunami, (4) the major flood in Jakarta in 2007, more than 154,000 houses were submerged in water for more than 7 days, (5) the 2009 West Sumatra earthquake, (6) the 2010 Mentawai Islands tsunami, (7) flash floods in Wasior Regency, West Papua, (8) the eruption of Mount Merapi in Slemen Regency, Yogyakarta and Klaten Regency, Boyolali and Magelang, Central Java in 2010 which resulted in 380 people dying, hundreds of houses were lost due to being swept away by hot clouds and more than 70,000 people evacuated to safe places. (9) flash flood disaster in Pidie Regency, Aceh which resulted in 7 people dying and dozens of houses being severely damaged.
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